Laser treatment works by targeting the melanin in the skin, which is responsible for the pigmentation of the lesion. Melanin absorbs different wavelengths (500–1100 nm), and the application of lasers with different wavelengths allows for the treatment of various pigmented lesions. The choice of laser depends on various factors such as the chromophore and the location of a specific lesion in the skin.
Lasers with a pulse duration of 1 billionth of a second have proven to be quite effective in treating many pigmented lesions, including a variety of brown or black birthmarks, sun-induced freckle-like pigmentation, café-au-lait birthmarks, and even traumatic or decorative tattoos.

These are the key benefits of using lasers for pigmented lesions:

• Precision: Lasers target only the affected skin, sparing healthy tissue.
• Convenience: Treatments are quick with minimal recovery time.
• Improved Appearance: Lasers can reduce dark spots, enhancing skin tone.

Good candidates for laser treatment of pigmented lesions typically include:

• Individuals with uneven skin pigmentation.
• Those with skin scars or birthmarks.
• People with age spots or sun-damaged skin.
• Individuals with Skin Types III and IV often see positive results with minimal risks of side effects when the procedure is performed by experienced professionals

The typical treatment protocol for pigmented lesions using laser treatment involves the following steps:

1. Consultation: A healthcare professional will assess the pigmented lesion and discuss the best treatment options.
2. Topical Anesthesia: This is often applied about an hour before the procedure to minimize discomfort.
3. Laser Application: The healthcare professional will precisely target the pigmented lesion with the laser. The laser emits short bursts of light, and as the temperature rises, the cells with the pigment are broken down.
4. Post-Treatment Care: After treatment, the skin may flake off for the first few days, and there may also be some discoloration. Pain and discomfort can be relieved by taking painkillers and using an ice-pack. The treated areas should be cleansed gently with sterile normal saline solution and a prescribed antibiotic ointment should be applied twice daily for 5-7 days or until the surface wound is totally healed.

Please note that this is a general protocol and the actual treatment plan may vary based on the individual’s condition and the specific type of laser used. Always consult with a healthcare professional for accurate information.

Laser treatment for pigmented lesions is generally safe, but like all medical procedures, it can have some potential side effects:

• Skin Discomfort: Some discomfort and redness are common post-treatment, usually subsiding within a few days.
• Hyperpigmentation: This is more common in people with darker skin and usually disappears after several months.
• Hypopigmentation: This is a rare side effect where the skin lightens and is also more common in people with darker skin.
• Scarring: This is an exceptional side effect of laser treatment.